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What are Strain Gauges? Strain gauges convert mechanical deformation into measurable resistance changes through the piezoresistive effect. Small resistance shifts are detected using a Wheatstone bridge with amplification and temperature compensation. Common types include linear, diaphragm, rosette, torsion, and dual-parallel gauges—each suited to specific stress directions and materials. Used widely in structural testing, load and pressure measurement, and industrial condition monitoring, strain gauges provide precise data essential for safety, performance, and predictive maintenance across engineering applications.

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Understanding Thermocouple Wire Wire that is used in a thermocouple from the point of sensing to the point of cold junction compensation (cjc end) where the signal is measured.

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All About Pressure Sensors Pressure measurement isn’t one-size-fits-all. From strain gauge to piezoelectric designs, different pressure transducers serve unique applications. This guide breaks down the main types, explains how they work, and shows you how to choose the right sensor for accurate, reliable performance. #Engineering #Sensors #IndustrialAutomation

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What is a Wheatstone Bridge? In order to measure strain with a bonded resistance strain gauge, it must be connected to an electric circuit that is capable of measuring the minute changes in resistance corresponding to strain.

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What Are the Differences Between 2-Wire, 3-Wire, and 4-Wire RTDs? A Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) measures temperature using a resistor with a resistance value that changes as its temperature increases or decreases. RTDs are typically manufactured in three different wiring configurations: 2-wire, 3-wire, and 4-wire. Each configuration is designed to compensate for lead wire resistance to varying degrees, impacting measurement accuracy.

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What are Electromagnetic Flow Meters? A magnetic flow meter (mag flow meter) is a volumetric flow meter which does not have any moving parts and is ideal for wastewater applications or any dirty liquid which is conductive or water based.

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Rope and Tape Heaters Rope and tape heaters are flexible heaters designed to wrap around pipes, beakers, and other round surfaces. Rope and tape heaters are very similar in that they have similar power densities and construction.

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What is a Thermal Imaging Camera? A thermal imager is a non-contact temperature measurement device.

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Let's Learn About It with Omega: The Water Hammer Effect Water hammer effect is an impact load that is the most misunderstood force known to pressure transducers today. A water hammer is created by stopping and/or starting a liquid flow suddenly.

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An Introduction to Flow Meters As the name implies a Flow meter is an instrument for monitoring, measuring, or recording the rate of flow, pressure, or discharge of liquids or gasses.

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4-20mA Input It is extremely simple and inexpensive to measure 4-20ma signal with a device that will measure only Voltage inputs.

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Digital Signal Transmission Industrial networks that transmit data using digital signals often are an integral part of a data acquisition or process control solution.

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Everything you need to know about Immersion Heaters An immersion heater is a device which is installed in a tank or container to heat a liquid. The installation can be over-the-side, flanged, or threaded.

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What is a Polyimide Heater? Polyimide heaters, also known as Kapton heaters, are made from Kapton, a polyimide film developed by DuPont.

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What are silicone heaters used for? Silicone rubber heaters have a wide range of industrial, commercial, and military applications. These heaters are resistant to radiation, moisture, compression set, weathering, vacuum, fungus, oils, solvents, and chemical attack.

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Wastewater Lift Station Surveillance and Management A wastewater lift station decided to renovate its lift station cabinets - getting a much simpler, more cost-efficient setup with remote access to transmitter data and programming.

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Stable and Accurate Temperature Signal Readings A number of applications require signal conditioning devices to operate in extremely harsh environments – natural gas compressors with heavy engine vibration is one example.

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Safe and Precise Temperature Transmission and Control Stable, safe, and high precision measurement of temperature signals in all stages of the manufacturing process is of the essence at a polysulfide plant.

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Problem Solver in the Field A project of operating a brand new waste-to-energy line gave an electrical engineer the chance to work with a field mounted HART temperature transmitter like TXUN-HT for the first time.

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With an Isolated Repeater/Splitter A provider of electrical solutions to a wide range of customers and other electrical contractors, from temperature and pressure measurements to providing small PLC solutions needed a solution when working with temperature and isolation.

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Improved Diagnostic Information Resulted in Significant Cost Savings On a recent project the data used provided by DRST-CM to develop software modules in the DCS that provide full diagnostics, a client’s company has been able to use the data for preventive maintenance.

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What is a Mass Flow Meter? A thermal mass flow meter measures the flow rate of gas mass based on the convective heat transfer of a heated surface to the flowing fluid.

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What is a Coriolis Flow Meter and How Does it Work? A Coriolis flow meter is a type of mass flow meter. It is designed differently and works differently than thermal or differential mass flow meters.

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The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) President of the Comité Consultatif de Thermométrie and Vice-President of the Comité International des Poids et Mesures Division of Physics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, K1A OS1 Canada

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Principles of Infrared Thermocouples The IRt/c product line represents a dramatic breakthrough in temperature sensing technology. The IRt/c sensors are unpowered, low cost, and can measure surface temperatures of materials without touching.

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What are the Different Types of Thermocouples? Thermocouples are available in different combinations of metals or calibrations. The most common are the “Base Metal” thermocouples known as Types J, K, T, E and N.

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Thermocouple Response Time Time constants calculated for air at room temperature and atmospheric pressure moving with velocity of 65 feet per second for thermocouples

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Thermocouples - Reference Guide OMEGACLAD® is a three-part system composed of compacted MgO insulation, thermocouple wire and metal sheath.

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How to choose a Thermocouple There are different types of thermocouples and their applications may vary. An exposed thermocouple will work best when high response times are required, but an ungrounded thermocouple is better in corrosive environments

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How to Choose Between a RTD PT100 vs Pt1000? The sensing elements in Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD’s) can be categorized in terms of the type of metal out of which they’re made and their resistance at a benchmark temperature.

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Types of RTDs Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) available today can generally be categorized into one of two basic types of RTDs, depending on how their temperature sensing element is constructed.

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How to Use Ferrite Cores with Instrumentation OMEGA’s thermocouple and RTD connectors with built-in nickel-zinc ferrite cores are used where it is desired to suppress electro-magnetic, interference commonly known as EMI.

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Pt100 Probes Probes may be terminated in a connection head, quick disconnect, terminal block, or extension wire. OMEGA’s standard terminations are pictured on product pages.

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Resistance Elements and RTD’s Resistance elements come in many types conforming to different standards, capable of different temperature ranges, with various sizes and accuracies available.

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What is a Voltage Divider? In order to measure a signal which varies over a range greater than the input range of an analog or digital input of a measuring device, a voltage divider can drop the voltage of the input signal to the level the analog or digital input can measure.

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PFA Fluorocarbon Information PFA Fluorocarbon Information

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Flow Meter Tutorial So you want to measure flow? The answer would seem to be to purchase a flowmeter.

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Infrared Quick Help When to Use Infrared Temperature Measurement

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Low Noise Thermocouple System A low noise thermocouple system consists of a probe, a connector and wire. Each component has distinct noise and they provide a way to reduce electrical noise

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Choosing the Right Temperature Transmitter for Your Application

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Scaling Voltage & Current to Engineering Units It is very often necessary to convert a voltage, millivot or current reading into a more useful value such as PSI, GPM, LBS, etc.

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What is the Load Cell Calibration Procedure for Weighing Applications? Inspect the load cell cables, and coil and protect any excess. The load should be equally distributed among multiple load cells of multiple load cell installations.

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Infrared pyrometers Pyrometer is derived from the Greek root pyro, meaning fire. The term pyrometer was originally used to denote a device capable of measuring temperatures of objects above incandescence, objects bright to the human eye.

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Mechanical Flow meters Discussed in this chapter are various types of mechanical flow meters that measure flow using an arrangement of moving parts,

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Differential Pressure Flow meters The calculation of fluid flow rate by reading the pressure loss across a pipe restriction is perhaps the most commonly used flow measurement technique in industrial applications

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RF/Capacitance Level Instrumentation Capacitance level detectors are also referred to as radio frequency (RF) or admittance level sensors. They operate in the low MHz radio frequency range, measuring admittance of an alternating current (ac) circuit that varies with level.

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All About Flow Meters Measuring the flow of liquids is a critical need in many industrial plants.

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Pressure sensor Piezoelectric presssure sensors can further be classified according to whether the crystal's electrostatic charge, its resistivity, or its resonant frequency electrostatic charge is measured.

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Strain Gauge When external forces are applied to a stationary object, stress and strain are the result.

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The RS-232 protocol Information being transferred between data processing equipment and peripherals is in the form of digital data which is transmitted in either a serial or parallel mode.

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An Introduction to Pitot Tubes Although the pitot tube is one of the simplest flow sensors, it is used in a wide range of flow measurement applications such as air speed in racing cars and Air Force fighter jets

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What is a thermography? Thermography extends the concept of point radiation thermometry to one-dimensional profiles or two-dimensional pictures of non-contact temperature data.

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Strain Gage Technical Data The most universal measuring device for the electrical measurement of mechanical quantities is the strain gage.

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Non-contact thermometers Historically a radiation non-contact thermometer consisted of an optical system to collect the energy emitted by the target;

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Specialty Level Switches Thermal, vibrating, and optical level switches are specialty devices developed to solve specific level detection problems.

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Electronic Flow meters While the flow measurement technologies discussed in this chapter--magnetic, vortex, and ultrasonic--are neither exclusively nor exhaustively electronic in nature, they do represent a logical grouping of flow measurement technologies.

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Working principle of thermocouples A typicial thermocouple is made up of two dissimilar metals joined together to form two junctions.

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Reactive Maintenance vs. Proactive Maintenance: You’re Paying 2-5X More for Maintenance Proactive maintenance, reactive maintenance, and the many benefits of switching to proactive maintenance.

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Particle Pollution & Environmental Safety Indoor air quality is the responsibility of building owners, managers and employers.

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5 Reasons to Wirelessly Measure Relative Humidity Monitoring Relative Humidity in Lab can be challenging. Choose the most simple and powerful way by using wireless transmitters.

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The Benefits of Implementing Predictive Maintenance Predictive maintenance can help you anticipate failure before it happens, saving money, time and making processes more efficient. Learn more about these and other advantages.

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How Rutgers Food Innovation Center Used Automation to Boost Food Quality and Save Time We definitely don’t want to go back to the way we were doing it. It was too much work and didn’t pay off. –Steve Baughman, Senior Maintenance Mechanic for Rutgers Food Innovation Center

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OMEGA Has a Starring Role in the LSST Telescope Mirror The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a new kind of optical telescope that will view a wider area of night sky than ever before possible. Once operational...

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Turning up the heat: 12 MI thermocouple probes get tested in extreme conditions In an intense heat environment, such as in solid waste incinerators, sintering powdered metals, or gas or oil fired-furnaces, you need a thermocouple probe that can withstand extreme heat.

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Measuring pH with a Wireless Device: 3 Must-Have Features Ready to measure pH with a Wireless Device? This is what you should be looking for in a portable data logger for pH measurement.

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Wirelessly Monitoring Air Duct Temperature Measuring temperature inside an air duct is a common facilities maintenance task for energy conservation, particularly when office area temperatures are far from defined set-points.

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Sensor Theory of Operation Omega is a reliable source for pressure transducers and load cells that provide high quality data in a myriad of processes.

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Custom Pressure Transducers A custom pressure transducer is a transducer that converts pressure into an analog electrical signal, often manufactured with the exact specifications required for an application.

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Temperature Transmitter Scaling Methodologies Temperature transmitters are used to send a signal from a temperature sensor, such as a thermocouple or RTD, to a measurement or control device.

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Sanitary Sensors A Sanitary Sensor is a device which measures temperature, flow or pressure in an environment where products will be for human consumption.

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Types of Relays Relays are the control switches that operate with low-powered electrical signals controlling most types of circuits.

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Temperature Measurement in Electromagnetic Environments One of the easiest ways to measure and record temperature is with a thermocouple. Thermocouples perform reliably in most environments, tolerating temperature extremes, vibration and even ionizing radiation.

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M12 Temperature Sensors Temperature sensors provide an input to a system (indicator, controller or other device) that is used to determine the temperature of a specific process or location.

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Doppler vs Transit Time Ultrasonic Flow Meters Ultrasonic flow meters are non-intrusive devices that use acoustic vibrations to measure the flow rate of liquid...

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Types of Load Cells Various load cell types are preferred, relative to the needs of the laboratory or operational environment.

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OEM Our commitment to maintaining the leading edge through research development and state-of-the art manufacturing keeps OMEGA firmly at the forefront of technology.

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Strip Heater A strip heater is a device which is mounted on a surface and used to heat the surface or air (gasses).

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Calibrator A calibrator is an equipment used to adjust an instrument accuracy, often associated with a specific application.

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Understanding How Vibration Affects RTDs & Thermocouples Challenges presented to temperature measurements in the presence of vibration

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Measuring Temperatures in Furnaces with Oxidizing Atmospheres Measuring temperatures inside a furnace can present several challenges: high temperatures, temperature cycling, and hostile atmospheres exceeding the limits of many measurement devices while others have greatly reduced lifetimes and poor accuracy.

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Cryogenic Temperature Sensors Cryogenics is the branch of physics that deals with the production and effects of very low temperatures.

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Wireless Sensors Wireless sensors are standard measurement tools equipped with transmitters to convert signals from process control instruments into a radio transmission.

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Installing Load Cells Each load cell installation is unique. Consult a structural engineer when your application requires very high accuracy, long-term stability, custom specifications, or when using in a varied R&D environment.

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Signal Conditioning and Transmission in Temperature Measurement Output signals produced by temperature measurement sensors require conditioning to convert them to a form that can be used for further processing.

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Thermowell Characteristics and Selection Criteria Thermowells are used to guard temperature sensors such as thermocouples, thermistors and bimetal thermometers against damage from excessive pressure, material velocity and corrosion

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Remote Monitoring Ethernet/internet-based data monitoring brings new capabilities and unprecedented access to process measurement and control.

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IC Sensors An IC Temperature Sensor is a two terminal integrated circuit temperature transducer that produces an output current proportional to absolute temperature. The sensor package is small with a low thermal mass and a fast response time

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A Deeper Understanding of Temperature Calibration Calibration equipment options and reasons for and against using an AS17025 calibration laboratory.

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What is a Cartridge Heater and how does it work? Cartridge heaters are most frequently used for heating metal parts by insertion into drilled holes.

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Panel Meters A panel meter is an instrument that displays an input signal in either a digital or analog form.

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An Introduction to Temperature Labels Temperature labels are temperature monitors consisting of one or more small heat-sensitive indicators sealed under transparent, heat-resistant windows.

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Infrared Thermometer On its most basic design an infrared thermometer consists of a lens to focus the infrared (IR) energy on to a detector.

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All About Thermistors A thermistor is an element with an electrical resistance that changes in response to temperature.

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What is a Flexible Heater? A flexible heater is a device which can conform to the surface which requires heating.

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An Introduction to pH Meters A pH meter is an instrument used to measure acidity or alkalinity of a solution - also know as pH.

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An Introduction to Level Measurement Integral to process control in many industries, level measurement sensors fall into two main types. Point level measurement sensors are used to mark a single discrete liquid height–a preset level condition.

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Immersion Heater An immersion heater is a device which is installed in a tank or container to heat a liquid. The installation can be over-the-side, flanged or threaded.

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What is a Pressure Gauge? Pressure gauges are among the most often used instruments in a plant. But because of their great numbers, attention to maintenance--and reliability--can be compromised.

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